| State of New York | |
| Coordinates | 43°NB, 75°WL |
| General | |
| Surface | 141.205 km² (13,3% water) |
| Residents | 19.465.197 (159 inhabitants/km²) |
| Capital city | Albany |
| Politics | |
| Governor | Kathy Hochul (D) |
| Other | |
| Time zone | Eastern Standard Time (UTC−5) |
| Joined | 26 July 1788 |
| Nickname | Empire State |
| ISO 3166-2 | US-NY |
| Website | ny.gov |
New York is one of the states of the United States. The standard abbreviation for the “Empire State”, as it is nicknamed, is NY. The capital is Albania. The state belongs to the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the seventh most populous state in the country. New York shares its borders with the states of New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. The state also has a maritime border with the state of Rhode Island east of Long Island. New York also borders the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the west and Quebec to the north. The state is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from the city of the same name, New York, which is then referred to as New York City.
New York (City) is the largest city in the state and in the entire United States. It is historically known as a gateway for immigrants entering the United States through Ellis Island and also for its financial, cultural, and industrial status. Both the state and the city were named after James Stuart, the 17th-century Duke of York who later became King James II of England.
According to JIBIN123.COM, New York was inhabited by the indigenous Algonquin, Iroquois and Lenni-Lenape peoples at the beginning of the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and French settled in the region. The area was first officially claimed by Henry Hudson in 1609, after which Dutch forts were established near Fort Oranje in 1614, not far from the current capital Albany. The Dutch colonized the areas of Albany and Manhattan in 1624 and the British then annexed Manhattan and the colony in 1664.
The boundaries of the British colony called County of New York were very similar to those of the present state. About a third of all battles of the American Revolutionary War took place in New York. The state declared its independence on July 9, 1776, and ratified its constitution in 1777. On July 26, 1788, the state of New York, as the 11th state of the United States, ratified the United States Constitution.
History
The area now called New York State was first colonized by the Dutch, who founded Fort Nassau and later Fort Oranje at what is now Albany. They also founded New Amsterdam on the island of Manhattan. In the 1660s, the English took power, after which they renamed New Amsterdam New York, in honor of the Duke of York.
New York was one of thirteen colonies that revolted against British rule in the 18th century. Because the capital New York remained in English hands during the uprising, Kingston became the provisional capital of the rebellious colony of New York in 1777. George Clinton became the first governor.
On July 26, 1788, New York formally became the 11th state of the United States.
Geography of New York
New York State covers 141,205 km², of which 122,409 km² is land. The highest point is the summit of Mount Marcy at 1,629 m above sea level.
New York is bordered to the north and west by Canada and Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. It borders the states of Pennsylvania and New Jersey to the south, and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east.
New York is rich in lakes and rivers. The large Lake Champlain forms part of the border with Vermont. The main river is the Hudson, which rises in the state and flows into the Atlantic Ocean near New York City . Also known are the Niagara Falls on the border with Canada. The main islands are Manhattan, Long Island and Staten Island.
Demography and Economics
| Population gradient | ||||
| Year | Population | %± | ||
| 1790 | 340.120 | – | ||
| 1800 | 589.051 | 73,2% | ||
| 1810 | 959.049 | 62,8% | ||
| 1820 | 1.372.851 | 43,1% | ||
| 1830 | 1.918.608 | 39,8% | ||
| 1840 | 2.428.921 | 26,6% | ||
| 1850 | 3.097.394 | 27,5% | ||
| 1860 | 3.880.735 | 25,3% | ||
| 1870 | 4.382.759 | 12,9% | ||
| 1880 | 5.082.871 | 16,0% | ||
| 1890 | 5.997.853 | 18,0% | ||
| 1900 | 7.268.894 | 21,2% | ||
| 1910 | 9.113.614 | 25,4% | ||
| 1920 | 10.385.227 | 14,0% | ||
| 1930 | 12.588.066 | 21,2% | ||
| 1940 | 13.479.142 | 7,1% | ||
| 1950 | 14.830.192 | 10,0% | ||
| 1960 | 16.782.304 | 13,2% | ||
| 1970 | 18.236.967 | 8,7% | ||
| 1980 | 17.558.072 | -3,7% | ||
| 1990 | 17.990.455 | 2,5% | ||
| 2000 | 18.976.457 | 5,5% | ||
| 2006 | 19.306.183 | 1,7% | ||
New York City had a population of 18,976,457 (134 per km²), making it the third-largest state in population after California and Texas. New York’s economy is the second largest in the US after California. The gross product of the state in 1999 was $755 billion. Agriculture and industry are not unimportant, but New York – especially the city of New York – is nevertheless best known as the financial center of the world (see New York Stock Exchange and Wall Street).
Because the metropolitan city of New York in the southernmost part of the state is so different from the rest of the state, the area north of the city is often referred to as Upstate New York. Upstate New York is more rural, more sparsely populated, and more politically conservative than New York City.
The major cities in the state are New York, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse and the state capital Albany. The West Point Military Academy is located in the town of the same name. The state is in the Eastern time zone.
New York is a slow-growing state, with a high immigrant population. In New York, 15.8% are African American, 14.4% are of Italian background, 14.2% are Hispanic (often referred to as Latinos), 12.9% are Irish, and 11.1% have their roots in England.
The religious affiliations of the New York population:
- Christen – 68%
- Roman Catholic – 38%
- Baptist – 7%
- Methodist – 6%
- Presbyterianist – 2%
- Episcopalist – 2%
- Lutheran – 2%
- Pentecostal Christian – 2%
- Anders – 9%
- Jewish – 9%
- Muslim – 2%
- Buddhist – 1%
- Other religious – 4%
- Non-believer – 13%
Administrative division
According to COUNTRYAAH, New York is divided into 62 counties.
| County | Inhabitants 1 July, 2007 |
County Seat | Inhabitants 1 July, 2007 |
| Albany | 299.307 | Albany | 94.172 |
| Allegany | 49.637 | Belmont | 886 |
| Bronx | 1.373.659 | New York | 8.274.527 |
| Broome | 195.973 | Binghamton | 45.020 |
| Cattaraugus | 80.087 | Little Valley | 1054 |
| Cayuga | 80.066 | Auburn | 27.317 |
| Chautauqua | 133.945 | Mayville | 1689 |
| Chemung | 88.015 | Elmira | 29.437 |
| Chenango | 51.207 | Norwich | 7056 |
| Clinton | 82.215 | Plattsburgh | 19.444 |
| Columbia | 62.363 | Hudson | 6864 |
| Cortland | 48.369 | Cortland | 18.382 |
| Delaware | 46.286 | Delhi | 2716 |
| Dutchess | 292.746 | Poughkeepsie | 29.633 |
| Erie | 913.338 | Buffalo | 272.632 |
| Essex | 38.119 | Elizabethtown | |
| Franklin | 50.449 | Malone | 5813 |
| Fulton | 55.114 | Johnstown | 8446 |
| Genesee | 58.122 | Batavia | 15.271 |
| Greene | 49.246 | Catskill | 4258 |
| Hamilton | 5075 | Lake Pleasant | |
| Herkimer | 62.558 | Herkimer | 7028 |
| Jefferson | 117.201 | Watertown | 27.443 |
| Kings | 2.528.050 | New York | 8.274.527 |
| Lewis | 26.472 | Lowville | 3215 |
| Livingston | 63.196 | Geneseo | 7660 |
| Madison | 69.829 | Wampsville | 569 |
| Monroe | 729.681 | Rochester | 206.759 |
| Montgomery | 48.695 | Fonda | 770 |
| Nassau | 1.306.533 | Mineola | 18.478 |
| New York | 1.620.867 | New York | 8.274.527 |
| Niagara | 214.845 | Lockport | 20.770 |
| Oneida | 232.304 | Utica | 58.475 |
| Onondaga | 454.010 | Syracuse | 139.079 |
| Ontario | 103.956 | Canandaigua | 11.185 |
| Orange | 377.169 | Goshen | 5549 |
| Orleans | 42.371 | Albion | 5596 |
| Oswego | 121.454 | Oswego | 17.389 |
| Otsego | 62.397 | Cooperstown | 1912 |
| Putnam | 99.489 | Carmel | |
| Queens | 2.270.338 | New York | 8.274.527 |
| Rensselaer | 155.318 | Troy | 47.744 |
| Richmond | 481.613 | New York | 8.274.527 |
| Rockland | 296.483 | New City | |
| Saratoga | 215.852 | Ballston Spa | 5486 |
| Schenectady | 150.818 | Schenectady | 61.531 |
| Schoharie | 32.063 | Schoharie | 999 |
| Schuyler | 19.027 | Watkins Glen | 2045 |
| Seneca | 34.228 | Ovid Waterloo |
596 5037 |
| St. Lawrence | 109.809 | Canton | 6056 |
| Steuben | 96.874 | Bath | 5451 |
| Suffolk | 1.453.229 | Riverhead | |
| Sullivan | 76.303 | Monticello | 6545 |
| Tioga | 50.453 | Owego | 3700 |
| Tompkins | 101.055 | Ithaca | 29.974 |
| Ulster | 181.860 | Kingston | 22.620 |
| Warren | 66.143 | Queensbury | |
| Washington | 62.743 | Fort Edward | 3035 |
| Wayne | 91.291 | Lyons | 3425 |
| Westchester | 951.325 | White Plains | 57.398 |
| Wyoming | 41.932 | Warsaw | 3651 |
| Yates | 24.557 | Penn Yan | 5156 |
Politics
The executive branch of New York State is headed by a governor, who is directly elected by voters in the state. In 2010, Andrew Cuomo of the Democratic Party was elected governor of the state. On August 10, 2021, he announced his resignation after allegations of sexual harassment. Two weeks later, he was succeeded by Deputy Governor Kathy Hochul, becoming New York’s first female governor.
The legislature consists of the New York People ‘s Assembly (New York State Assembly) with 150 members and the New York Senate (New York State Senate) with 62 members.
